Security and funding risks shadow Kenya’s refugee settlement plan

Concerns over national security and funding shortfalls are threatening Kenya’s Shirika Plan to transform refugee camps into self-reliant settlements, lawmakers warned on Thursday during a meeting with the Principal Secretary for Immigration and Citizen Services.

The committee highlighted the government’s minimal role in refugee management, which remains heavily controlled by international agencies.

Dr. Belio R. Kipsang briefed the Departmental Committee on Regional Development on progress since President William Ruto launched the Shirika Plan in March 2025.

The plan aims to integrate refugees and host communities in Kakuma and Dadaab through improved services and socio-economic development over three phases ending in 2036.

The committee raised alarms over refugee data management, with chairperson Peter Lochakapong stating, "We discovered that refugee affairs in Kenya are almost entirely handled by UNHCR, with very little government presence. This is a serious issue. We need the Principal Secretary to explain how the government intends to reclaim oversight in managing refugee matters. This is a ticking time bomb, especially in terms of national security."

Lawmakers also questioned the sustainability of refugee support given reduced donor funding, which has led to cuts in food rations and stalled resettlement efforts.

PS Kipsang urged more domestic funding to maintain refugee programs and expand infrastructure strained by decades of humanitarian settlement.

Additional concerns included environmental degradation caused by refugees and a lack of clear policy on refugee repatriation.

MP Kazungu Tungule asked why a plan to close camps and repatriate refugees was suddenly halted.

There were also worries about issuing national identification cards to refugees, which some fear could increase competition for jobs between refugees and locals.

Dr. Kipsang defended the plan’s inclusive approach, saying, "The Shirika Plan is not just about refugees; it is about ensuring no community is left behind. It is a blueprint for shared prosperity, resilience, and inclusive national development."